When should a professional accountant disclose a potential conflict of interest?

A professional accountant should disclose a potential conflict of interest whenever it impacts independence, which is a cornerstone of the profession's ethical standards. Independence is crucial for maintaining the integrity of financial reporting and the trust placed in the auditor's opinions. When an accountant is aware that their objectivity might be compromised due to personal interests or relationships, they have an obligation to disclose that potential conflict.

This disclosure is necessary at all stages of an engagement, but particularly when there is a clear impact on independence. By addressing conflicts proactively, the accountant fosters transparency and helps safeguard the integrity of the audit process. This practice not only protects the interests of the stakeholders involved but also upholds the reputation of the accounting profession.

Other options, such as disclosing only if asked by the client, after the audit is completed, or just at the start of the engagement, would not ensure that all relevant conflicts affecting independence are communicated in a timely manner. Thus, relying solely on client inquiries or delaying disclosure until the engagement is over would undermine the fundamental ethical responsibilities accountants have in reporting and ensuring trust.